Hose



Aug. 3o, 1988. D. B. G1511' f 2,128,814

HOSE

Filed Oct. 2l, 1956 fly/7772771717777 INVENTOIL BY Zb//za'Z 6225/6 ATTORNEY.

Patented Aug. 30, 1938 Y UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE nosE 4Daniel B. Gish, west springfield, Masa Application October 21, 1936,1 Serial Noi 106,880 V z claims. (ci. 1384-56) v canized. This application may be brought vabout This invention' relates to improvements in hose and is directed more particularly to the provision of a novel hose construction which is both suitably flexible and adapted for conducting fluids of all kinds at high pressures.

constructed which is capable of withstanding ex-.

It is one of the principal objects of the in ntion to provide a process whereby a hose is treme pressures and is at the same ltime suiliciently flexible so ias to be adapted for many and various purposes.

According to the novel features of the inven- 1 tion. the hose is constructed of a plurality of layers vof different materials and, as will appear,

these layers have different characteristics so as be capable of performing certain functions and zzo-'operating with theother layers to provide alhose which'will withstand high pressures and at the same time have the desired degree consists of adjacentlydisposed elements exibility.

lAlso, according to the features of this inven-V bound product'is obtained;

facilitate the efficient and ecomonical produc- Various other novel features of the invention .will be hereinafter more fully referred to in connectibn with the accompanying description of vof the preferred form thereof, reference being had the drawing wherein:

Fig. ,1 is a fragmentary side elevational view a hoselembodying the novel features of the to' show a modified form the invention.

Referring now to the drawing more in deta the'invennop win be muy described.

At 2 is shown a hollow core or inner tube which preferably formed of some more or less pliable material.` The material ofthe core may vary, depending somewhat upon the use to which the hose is to be put. A bendable plastic composi l tion such asvulcani'zlng cement has been found particularly suitable; What may be called a reinforcig sheath 4 is disposed around a core 2 andthis is formed of a plurality of interlaced elements 6. According to `th ments 6 consist of wire or cord and they are br th such a sheathsuitably protects the' core ande preferred form ofthe invention. .these eleaided or interlaced in some way so as to form e tubular sheath 4. It will be appreciated that the same time has the desired flexibility. Preferably there is then placed over this much Vthe hose a layer of cement which can be vulin variousways.

As a nextv step, what may be called a restraining sheath 8 is formed around the sheath 4. The sheath 8 preferably consists of a group of elements l0 which are led onto the sheath 4 under tension and in such a way that they are wound wound spirally about sheath 8 in a direction opposite to that vin which the elements I8 extend. It may be stated that'it is preferable that the windings vof sheath's 8 and l2 have-Substantially the same pitch and the elements M should be of the same material as elements l0.

The winding operations of elements I0 and Il may ormay. not be carried on simultaneously but l have found that where they are wound simul-v taneously under 'tension the torque set up by the winding in one direction is more or less counteracted by the torque of the opposite winding so that a balanced structure is obtained.

v Again I preferably provide a layer of cement on this much of the hose so as to form a binder for another sheath-i6. As will appear, I later vulcanize the hose so, it will be appreciated, the

application of cement layers at these different stages oi.' its manufacture later serves to 'render the assembly more homogeneous and bind the diierent layers together. A

Over the restraining sheaths- 8 and l2 a layer i6 of windings I8 of some fibrous material is applied under sumcient tension so that the elements I8 lay smoothly and evenly and, as will later appear, serve to hold the elements making up sheaths 8 andv I! from getting out of position. These elements I8, which may be of some material suchas cotton, are preferably led onto the sheath l2 in much the same way asl are the elements I0 and Il, that is spirally and in parallelism and in one direction. A second fibrous layer 20 is formed by `winding adJacently-'disposed elements 22 spirally about layer I6 in an opposite direction. 'I'hese layers function in one way to holdV the windings of the restraining sheaths.

This whole assembly, that is core 2, reinforcing and restraining sheaths and brous layers, I call When such a cover is used I have found it desircover 30 therearound formed of some rubber com# pound. Then the carcass and cover are vulcanized.

and this serves to provide a homogeneous .structure with the different sheaths 'or layers combined in such away that they may function for their particular purpose and co-operatc with one another. l

It will be observed that I have provided a hose structure wherein a central more or less pliable core is reinforced by a flexible sheath or sheaths of interlaced elements with the latter formed in such a way that the bore of -the core is not undesirably constricted and without impairing the bendability or flexibility of the hose. Further, the restraining sheaths, with the windings of one sheath disposed in an opposite direction from the 'windings of the other, serve to hold the reinforcing sheath against expansion while the fibrous sheath or sheaths overlie, hold and protect the restraining sheaths.

The vulcanizable cement may be used, at various stages of' the fabrication so the Whole may be vulcanized to provide the homogeneous iiex-l ible structure. The hose is so constructed'that the core 2 is well reinforced while at the same time the restraining sheaths prevent undue expansion which would tend to impair the rein-v forcing eiect of sheath 4. A

It should be pointed out that, if desired, a cover of interlaced elements may be placed over the carcass and an auxiliary cover of somerubber compound, such as 30, may be placed over this cover of interlacedelements. That is, the particular way in which the outside of the hose is constructed is not so important as the construction of the carcass and the vulcanizing feature.

' While r have described the invention m greet l With either type of cover and with the vulcan-l izable cement the fabricated hose lis vulcanized detail and with respect to a preferred form `thereof, it is not desired to be limited thereto since many changes and modications .may be made therein without departing from the spirit. and scope of the invention. What it is desired to claim and secure by Letters Patent of the United States is: y

1. A flexible hose of the class described comprising in combination, a core having a bore, a reinforcing sheath around said core formed of a plurality of interlaced metallic elements, a layer of cement over said sheath, a restraining sheath around the vreinforcing sheath consisting of a group of closely adjacent separate wire elements wound spirally in one direction, a second restraining sheath consisting of a group' of closely adjacent separate wire elements wound spirally in an opposite direction over the first-named restraining sheath, a layer of cement over said second restraining sheath, a layer of adjacently-disposed separate fibrous elements wound spirally around the second restraining sheath in one direction, a second layer of adjacently disposed separate brous elements Wound spirally over the first fibrous layer in an opposite direction, the said core, sheaths and layers forming a carcass, and

a cover around said carcass, the whole being vulcanized. Y

2. A exible hose of the class described comprising in combination, a core having a bore, a re inforcing sheath around said core formed of a plurality of interlaced metallic elements, a layer of cement disposed over said sheath and in some of the 'interstices thereof, a restraining sheath around-the reinforcing sheath consisting of a group of closely adjacent separate Wire elements wound spirally in one direction, a second restraining sheath consisting of a group of closely vadjacent separate wire; elements wound spirally in an opposite direction over the first-named restraining sheath, a layer of cement disposed over saidsecond restraining sheath -and in some of the interstices thereof, a layer of adjacently-disposed separate fibrous elements wound spirally around the second restraining sheath in one direction, asecond layer of adjacently disposed separate ,brous elements wound spirally over the first fibrous' layerv4 in an opposite direction, the said core, sheaths and layers forming a carcass, a layer of cement disposed over said carcass, and

a cover around the whole and the whole being vulcanized.

- DANIEL B. GISH. 

